超声用于儿童动脉导管插入 研究背景 动脉导管是一根细管，可插入动脉以监测复杂手术期间和重症监护期间的血压。超声波（一种使用声波捕捉软组织实时图像的成像方法）可以帮助医生定位动脉并插入导管。特别是在儿童中，与其他技术（如触诊动脉（通过皮肤感受脉搏）或多普勒听觉辅助（倾听动脉确切位置处高音的变化）相比，超声可以减少多次针刺的需要、血肿（血管外聚集的血液）和动脉损伤的发生。 我们想要发现什么？ 我们的目的是找出超声是否比动脉触诊或多普勒听觉辅助有任何优势。具体来说，我们想了解超声波是否改善了以下结局。 1.医生初次尝试成功插入导管的频率 2.血流量减少引起的血肿、损伤等并发症的发生 3.医生在前两次尝试中成功插入导管的频率 4.医生在多次尝试插入导管后成功的频率 5.插入导管所需的平均尝试次数 6.插入导管需要多长时间 我们做了什么？ 我们检索了对照临床研究的文献，比较了在18岁以下儿童中使用超声波与传统方法将导管插入动脉。我们比较和总结研究结果，并根据研究方法和规模等因素，评估证据可信度。 我们发现了什么? 我们发现九项符合纳入标准的研究：八项将超声与触诊进行比较，一项将超声与多普勒听觉辅助进行比较。七项研究是桡动脉插管，两项研究是股动脉插管。四项研究未提及任何资金来源，五项研究有部门资金。这些研究纳入年龄从一个月以下到18岁的儿童。 主要研究结果 我们发现，与传统方法相比，超声引导...

通过躯干训练改善脑卒中患者的活动能力 研究背景 脑卒中是一种常见的疾病，可导致成人严重残疾，甚至死亡。脑卒中对人体功能的各个方面都有重要影响，包括运动上的限制。患病后一种常见的缺陷是躯干功能下降，表现为活动能力下降、坐姿平衡能力下降、对内部和外部干扰的反应延迟或减少、躯干的肌肉力量和肌肉激活模式降低。躯干的运动和坐姿平衡对功能独立性都很重要，也就是说，在没有帮助的情况下能够完成日常生活任务，如穿衣、吃饭和梳洗。因此，躯干功能在很大程度上能够预测脑卒中后患者的恢复情况和独立程度。 躯干训练旨在恢复躯干功能，可由不同的元素组成，例如：腹部和背部肌肉的力量训练、专注于提高躯干灵活性的运动；或改善横向或纵向坐位平衡能力的运动。 躯干是身体的核心；它为头部和四肢的控制和运动提供了稳定的基础。躯干训练不仅对躯干功能有积极的影响，对改善日常生活活动、站立平衡、行走和幸福感等其他结局也有效果。 系统综述研究问题 探究躯干训练能否改善脑卒中后人群的日常生活活动、躯干功能、站立平衡、幸福感和其他结局。 文献检索日期 我们检索了九个数据库，并追溯了相关研究的参考文献列表。检索时间截至2021年10月25日。 研究特征 我们纳入了68项研究，共涉及2585名受试者。这些研究随机将受试者分为两组或多组，目的是对比脑卒后的躯干训练与其他疗法或无治疗。 主要研究结果 我们发现躯干训练有可能改善日常生活活动、躯...

新生儿黄疸的间歇光疗与连续光疗 系统综述问题 在患有黄疸的新生儿中，间歇性光疗与连续光疗相比是否能有效降低胆红素水平? 背景 新生儿黄疸是由于胆红素（血液中自然存在的一种黄色化合物）水平高而引起的新生儿皮肤变黄。光疗是目前公认的治疗新生儿黄疸的有效方法。光疗通常持续使用，但间歇性光疗有一些潜在的优势，如改善母亲的喂养和与婴儿的关系。我们不知道间歇性光疗是否与持续光疗一样有效。 研究特征 通过检索截至2022年1月的医学数据库，我们发现有33项研究评估了间歇性光疗对婴儿的效果。其中12项研究（共1600例婴儿）符合纳入标准。一项研究目前正在进行，四项研究正在等待分类。我们关注的主要结局是血清胆红素水平的下降率和胆红素诱导的脑功能障碍（bilirubin-induced brain dysfunction, BIND）。检索截止日期为2022年1月31日。 主要研究结果 我们发现间歇性光疗和连续光疗在降低胆红素水平方面几乎没有差异。连续光疗对早产儿更有效，但我们不知道这是否是一个有意义的差异。间歇性光疗与光疗暴露总小时数的减少有关。间歇性治疗方案在理论上有益处，但有一些重要的安全性结局未得到充分阐明。 证据质量 总体而言，我们将证据质量评为低或极低。我们需要对早产儿和足月儿进行大规模、高质量的试验，才能得出间歇性光疗和连续光疗同样有效的结论。 如果您发现此证据有帮助，请考虑向 Coc...

预防和治疗血管炎型（过敏性紫癜）IgA肾病 研究问题 IgA血管炎 (IgAV)，以前称为过敏性紫癜，是儿童比较常见的小血管炎性疾病，但在成人中较为少见。其症状和体征包括红色丘疹和大片瘀斑（尤其是臀部和腿部）、腹痛、关节痛和肿胀，偶见肠道出血。约三分之一的患儿出现肾脏受累，尿液检测可出现血尿和蛋白尿。大多数患儿肾脏受累较轻（尿液中仅见少量红细胞和蛋白质），能够完全康复，但少数患有持续性肾脏病的患儿可进展为肾衰竭。 研究内容 我们分析了20项随机对照临床试验（randomised controlled trial, RCT），包括1963名受试者。十一项研究纳入了轻度或无肾脏受累的IgAV患儿。五项研究对比了泼尼松（14至28天）与安慰剂或无治疗，五项研究对比了抗凝血药物，一项研究对比了孟鲁司特（通常用于治疗儿童哮喘）与安慰剂。九项研究纳入了中度或重度肾脏受累的儿童。五项研究对比了不同的免疫抑制剂（包括环磷酰胺、麦考酚酸酯、他克莫司、环孢素、来氟米特、硫唑嘌呤）。一项研究对比了血浆置换（去除患者的血浆并用正常血浆代替）、单用环磷酰胺、单用甲泼尼龙，以及两者联用。最后一项研究对比了福辛普利（可减少尿蛋白水平）和无治疗。 研究结果 我们想知道在IgAV发作后6至12个月，这些方式能否预防或治疗持续性肾脏病。研究初期，对于肾脏没有或轻度受累的儿童，我们没有发现泼尼松或其他治疗在防止肾脏进...

Specifications: Fixed Term – 1 Year
Salary: £35,000 per annum  
Location: Ideally based in the UK, Germany or Denmark. Candidates from the rest of the world will be considered; however, Cochrane’s Central Executive Team is only able to offer consultancy contracts outside these countries (1-year fixed-term contracts)
Directorate: Evidence Production & Methods
Closing date: 13 March, 2023
 
Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesising research findings and our work has been recognised as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

Cochrane's strength is in its collaborative, global community. We have 110,000+ members and supporters from more than 220 countries. Though we are spread out across the globe, our shared passion for health evidence unites us. Our Central Executive Team supports this work and is divided into five directorates: Evidence Production and Methods, Publishing and Technology, Development, and Finance and Corporate Services.

The Future of Evidence Synthesis (FES) is a critical programme of work for Cochrane over the next 3-5 years. Successful delivery is essential for Cochrane's future and sustainability. A core component of the new production model is the creation of Cochrane Evidence Synthesis Units and Thematic Groups. This role will work closely with the Head of Change Management, to create, launch and manage the initial application process for Evidence Synthesis Units and a second application round for Thematic Groups and help to manage the initial stages of the pilots.

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Our organization is built on four core values: Collaboration: Underpins everting we do, locally and globally. Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format. Integrity: Independent and transparent. Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigour and trust.  

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Monday, February 27, 2023

不同的生活方式和饮食变化对梅尼埃病有哪些获益和风险？ 关键信息 由于缺乏有力的证据，目前尚不清楚用于治疗梅尼埃病的任何生活方式或饮食变化是否能改善患者的症状，尽管其在临床实践中常规使用。我们也不知道这些干预措施是否存在任何风险。 需要进行更大规模、执行良好的研究，以确定任何生活方式或饮食变化是否有效，并评价其是否有任何有害影响。 还需要做进一步的工作，找出测量梅尼埃病患者症状的最佳方法，以评价治疗是否有获益。这应该包括制定“核心结局集”——一份在所有关于梅尼埃病的研究中都应该测量的结局清单。 什么是梅尼埃病? 梅尼埃病是一种影响内耳的疾病。其会引起反复发作的头晕或眩晕（旋转感），同时伴有听力问题、耳鸣（耳中有鸣响、嗡嗡声）以及耳中的鼓胀感或压迫感。通常影响成年人，并从中年开始发作。 如何治疗梅尼埃病? 口服药物（片剂）通常被用作治疗梅尼埃病的首选药物。其他治疗方案也可供选择（例如耳内注射或手术）。梅尼埃病患者通常被建议改变饮食，例如减少盐或咖啡因的摄入，因为这些被认为会加重疾病症状。 我们想知道什么？ 我们想知道： ——是否有证据表明，任何生活方式或饮食调整都能减轻梅尼埃病的症状； ——这些治疗方案是否会造成任何伤害。 我们做了什么？ 我们检索了将不同类型的生活方式或饮食调整与不调整或假（安慰剂）治疗进行比较的研究。 我们发现了什么？ 我们找到了2项研究，共涉及274名受试者。一...

在梅尼埃病治疗中，直接从耳朵给予庆大霉素有哪些益处和风险？ 关键信息 由于缺乏稳健的证据，尚不清楚直接经耳朵（鼓室内）给予庆大霉素是否能改善梅尼埃病患者的症状。也不清楚治疗是否存在任何风险。 需要进行更大规模、进行得当的研究来确定这种治疗是否有效，并评估是否有任何有害影响。 还需要做进一步的工作来找出如何最好地测量梅尼埃病患者的症状，以评估治疗是否有益。这应该包括制定“核心结局集”——一份在所有关于梅尼埃病的研究中都应该测量的结局清单。 什么是梅尼埃病？ 梅尼埃病是一种影响内耳的疾病。它会导致头晕或眩晕（旋转的感觉）反复发作，并伴有听力问题、耳鸣（耳朵里嗡嗡作响）以及受影响耳朵的饱胀感或压迫感。它好发于成年人，且通常始于中年期。 梅尼埃病如何治疗？ 口服药物（片剂）通常用作梅尼埃病的首选治疗方法。如果这些治疗不能控制症状，则可以将一种称为氨基糖苷类的抗生素直接注入耳内。通常这涉及一种称为庆大霉素的抗生素。最常见的是通过耳膜注射。 我们想知道什么？ 我们想探讨： - 是否有证据表明鼓室内注射氨基糖苷类药物（包括庆大霉素）可以减轻梅尼埃病的症状； - 这种治疗是否可能造成任何伤害。 我们做了什么？ 我们检索了将任何鼓室内氨基糖苷类药物与不治疗或假治疗（安慰剂）进行比较的研究。 我们发现了什么？ 我们找到了五项研究，总共涉及 137 人。它们持续了六个月到两年。所有的研究都着眼于抗生素...

治疗成人中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停的药物 关键信息 这一领域的研究规模较小，我们无法得出与虚拟治疗相比，所研究的任何药物是否对中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停（central sleep apnoea, CSA）患者有效。 什么是中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停？如何治疗？ CSA是一种在睡眠中呼吸反复停止和开始的疾病，是大脑没有向控制呼吸的肌肉发送适当的信号造成的。CSA主要影响男性和心脏病患者。这种情况不同于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停，也更不常见，后者是由于气道阻塞或狭窄而导致呼吸中断。CSA的治疗包括使用帮助呼吸的设备，但CSA患者并不总是喜欢使用它们。药物治疗，如催眠药（用于减轻紧张和诱导平静）和呼吸调节剂（用于刺激呼吸），可能是CSA成人患者的一种选择。 本综述想探究什么？ 本综述的目的是发现药物是否可以改善CSA患者的以下结局。 • 中枢性呼吸暂停低通气指数（CSA的一个关键指标，衡量一个人每小时睡眠中呼吸暂停的次数） • 与心脏病有关的死亡 • 睡眠质量 • 生活质量 • 日间嗜睡度 • 呼吸暂停-低通气指数（呼吸暂停的另一个指标） • 任何原因导致的死亡 • 挽救生命的心脏相关干预（例如移植）的时机 此外，我们也想知道这些药物是否会产生不良反应。 我们做了什么？ 我们检索了药物治疗CSA的研究，与不同的治疗方法（如常用于治疗CSA的呼吸装置）、虚拟治疗（安慰剂）、无治疗或常规护理进行比较。受试者必须至少18...

夹板治疗腕管综合征 系统综述问题 本Cochrane综述旨在对比腕部夹板固定与不治疗或其他治疗方式对腕管综合征（carpal tunnel syndrome, CTS）患者的利弊。 研究背景 CTS是指手腕上两条主要神经中的一条受到压迫。这会导致手和手腕疼痛，以及拇指、食指和中指的麻木和刺痛。严重的压迫可能导致手部肌肉萎缩和灵活性丧失。CTS在女性和50岁以上人群中更为常见。 多数CTS患者选择手术治疗，尽管通常情况下先使用非手术疗法，例如夹板、皮质类固醇注射（一种用以减轻炎症的药物）或运动。其中夹板将手腕固定在中立（垂直）位置，而四指和拇指可以自由活动。 研究特征 我们收集并分析了与本综述问题相关的所有研究，共有29项研究评估了夹板治疗CTS的利弊。受试者的平均年龄在42至60岁之间，总数为1937人，其中81%为女性。大多数患者的症状为轻至中度。 主要研究结果 当固定时间少于3个月时，与不治疗相比，夹板可能并不会改善CTS患者的症状和手部功能。然而，与不使用夹板相比，夜间佩戴夹板的多数患者表示，他们感觉整体上有所改善。 从长远来看（超过3个月），由于研究数量较少且研究间结果不一致，我们仍不能确定夹板的益处。我们不能确定夹板治疗是否显著改善了患者的症状或功能。 同时也不确定夹板能否降低再手术率，因为仅三项研究报告了这一结局指标。夹板可能会引起暂时的副作用，如入睡困难或取下夹板后...

正压疗法治疗梅尼埃病的益处和风险是什么？ 关键信息 目前，由于缺乏稳健证据，正压疗法是否能改善梅尼埃病人的症状仍然存疑。我们没有发现任何关于这种治疗方法是否会造成伤害的信息。 为了确证正压疗法是否有效，并确保治疗不会产生不良反应，需要进行更大规模、更完善的研究。 还需要做进一步的研究，来找出衡量梅尼埃病患者症状的最佳方法，以评估治疗是否有效。这应该包括制定"核心结局指标集"— 一份在所有关于梅尼埃病的研究中都应该测量的结局清单。 什么是梅尼埃病 梅尼埃病是一种内耳疾病。它会引起反复发作的头晕或眩晕（旋转感），同时伴有听力问题、耳鸣（耳中有鸣响、嗡嗡声）以及耳朵的充盈感或压迫感。它通常影响成年人，并从中年开始发作。 如何治疗梅尼埃病？ 口服药物（片剂）和生活干预常常被用作梅尼埃病的首选治疗方法。如果这些方法对控制症状不起作用，那么可以尝试其他治疗。这包括正压疗法，即在耳朵里插入一根与泵相连的管子。该泵产生压力波，这可能有助于缓解梅尼埃病的某些症状。通常情况下，人们每次使用泵约5分钟，每天最多3次。 我们想发现什么 我们想探讨： -是否有证据表明正压疗法对减轻梅尼埃病的症状有效； -正压疗法是否会导致任何伤害。 我们做了什么 我们检索了比较正压治疗与不施加干预措施或假性（安慰剂）治疗的研究。 研究结果 总共纳入3项研究，涵盖238位受试者。这些研究最多持续四个月，所以我们没有任何关于...

Watch videos from the recent event held by Cochrane PaPaS

For 23 years the Cochrane Pain, Palliative and Supportive Care (PaPaS) group has been delivering the gold standard in evidence synthesis in the field of pain management, palliative and supportive care and supporting the community towards better methods and standards in pain clinical trials and systematic reviews. As their funding comes to an end, they highlighted and celebrated their contribution with an event, called ‘Truth, Integrity and the Future of Pain Evidence’ at the Wellcome Collection in London, UK.  It was a chance to reflect on what has been discovered, where we continue to face important challenges, and how we might move toward a future of trusted evidence to guide better pain care globally.

Dr. Neil O’Connell, Cochrane PaPaS Editor explains the importance of the event; “Working in evidence synthesis we can achieve a “birds-eye” view of the evidence ecosystem in our field, including its problems. Pain in clinical practice and patient care is often poorly served by an evidence architecture containing multiple structural weaknesses. These issues span pre-clinical research, clinical trials, and systematic reviews, and impact upon developing clinical guidelines. Clinical practice in pain management frequently diverges from the evidence, or evolves in the absence of evidence, driven by individual and organisational vested interests, market forces, fashion, and demand from people with pain. In our event, we heard from a range of established and emerging leaders in the field to better understand the challenges and to consider how we create better solutions.”

Talks at the meeting highlighted a range of challenges to the quality and trustworthiness of pain evidence across the pipeline, from pre-clinical through to evidence synthesis, and focused on approaches to improving that picture through better methods, open science practices, interdisciplinary working and partnership with people with lived experience of pain. There was an exceptional range of speakers and leaders in terms of discipline, perspective, and career stage. The audience was also diverse, representing clinicians across many disciplines, researchers, people with pain, editors, and publishers. It was a great day, with comments from one attendee saying it was their most thought-provoking event of the year.

• Read about the events of the day on Twitter under #PaPaSPain2022
• Watch videos from the event

Wednesday, February 22, 2023

Cochrane is made up of 11,000 members and over 67,000 supporters come from more than 130 countries, worldwide. Our volunteers and contributors are researchers, health professionals, patients, carers, people passionate about improving health outcomes for everyone, everywhere.

Getting involved in Cochrane’s work means becoming part of a global community. The Cochrane International Mobility programme connects successful applicants with a placement in a host Cochrane Group, learning more about the production, use, and knowledge translation of Cochrane reviews. The prgramme offers opportunities for learning and training not only for participants but also for host staff.

In this series, we profile those that have participated in the Cochrane International Mobility Program and learn more about their experiences.

Name: Chiara Russo
Location: Italy
Cochrane International Mobility location: Cochrane Sweden

How did you first learn about Cochrane?
When I first heard about Cochrane it was a coincidence. I was studying at my University in Genoa (Italy) and I was looking for a place to go for my Erasmus Traineeship Program. As I was interested in pediatrics field, a medical doctor suggested me to contact Matteo Bruschettini and he offered me the opportunity to go to Sweden, where I worked with him at Cochrane Sweden.

What was your experience with your Cochrane International Mobility?
Actually, before going to Sweden, I’d never had any research experience. Matteo offered me the opportunity to approach systematic reviews, at first with Cochrane Interactive Learning modules, then I had the pleasure to actively work on systematic reviews.

What are you doing now in relation to your Cochrane International Mobility experience?
Once I completed my four-month placement at Cochrane Sweden, I continued to work with Matteo. Thanks to him, I’m co-author of a published Cochrane review, which has already been updated. Moreover, I completed, with Cochrane Sweden and other co-authors, another Cochrane review, which is in press, commissioned by the WHO (World Health Organization).  Even when I came back to Italy, Matteo is still supportive and available for any of my concerns.

Do you have any words of advice to anyone considering a Cochrane International Mobility experience?
I really suggest to anyone interested in research to connect to Cochrane. It will be a great experience both for a first approach to research and for the more experienced medical doctor. Not only will you probably have the opportunity to actively collaborate to a systematic review, but you will certainly learn how to read scientific text. It will also be an opportunity to meet people and other cultures from all over the world.

 

 

 

Wednesday, February 22, 2023

告知肌萎缩性侧索硬化症/运动神经元疾病患者其诊断结果的方法 系统综述问题 本综述旨在评价关于沟通肌萎缩性侧索硬化症（amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS）或运动神经元疾病（motor neuron disease, MND）诊断结果的证据。 研究背景 ALS，也被称为MND，是一种影响运动神经的疾病。该疾病会导致渐进性失能，包括肢体无力、呼吸困难以及发音和吞咽问题。最重要的是，ALS/MND患者须接受此疾病通常在发病三到五年内死亡的事实。初次诊断时，ALS/MND患者、亲属和照护者可能会经历巨大的痛苦，因此，懂得如何告诉他们诊断的结果非常重要。本系统评价广泛检索了关于ALS/MND病情告知沟通方法的随机对照试验（randomised controlled trials, RCT）。 研究结果 没有发现任何关于ALS/MND病情告知沟通方法的RCT。 研究检索截至2022年2月。 如果您发现此证据有帮助，请考虑向 Cochrane 捐款。我们是一家慈善机构，提供可获取的证据来帮助人们做出健康和护理决定。捐赠 作者结论:  目前没有RCT评价不同的沟通策略，以向被诊断为ALS/MND的人传达坏消息。 需要有针对性的研究来评价不同沟通方法的有效性和效果。 阅读摘要全文…… 研究背景:  肌萎缩性侧索硬化症（Amyotrophic la...

Meet our #CochraneLondon Social Media Ambassador volunteers who will be helping to share the content of the London Colloquium and their experience at the colloquium on social media. They will be sharing content across all your favourite social media platforms.

Cochrane UK is hosting Cochrane’s Colloquium taking place in London, UK from 4-6 September 2023. With the theme “Forward together for trusted evidence”, the 2023 Cochrane Colloquium is set to be a groundbreaking event with a mix of learning, networking, plenary speakers, events, and more! 

The #CochraneLondon Ambassadors are attending the colloquium and will be sharing the exciting experience before, during, and after the event. They will not act as spokespersons for Cochrane but will share their own take on the experience. The Ambassadors will use their social media platforms to provide insights into the Colloquium's discussions, key takeaways, their favourite keynotes, and provide some behind-the-scenes posts about what it's like to attend and who from the Community they meet. 

You can find Cochrane on X, Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram. Follow the #CochraneLondon platform on all your favourite platforms or give your favourite ambassadors a follow.

Claire Alllen
Social Media: X

Claire Allen worked with Cochrane from 1997-2014, during which time Evidence Aid was created (in 2004) with Cochrane colleagues. Evidence Aid aims to save lives and livelihoods in disasters by providing decision-makers with the best available evidence and by championing its use. In 2014 she moved over to being staff at Evidence Aid and has since managed the day-to-day operations of the independent charity.

Claire Allen has attended 18 Colloquiums in the past! She will be joining the Library of People on Wednesday’s lunch break where she will be an “open book”. She is looking forward to chatting with attendees about translating evidence to support disaster settings as well as catching up with Cochrane colleagues, attending plenaries, and workshops – and sharing insights along the way on social media.

Claire will be sharing takeaways from her Cochrane London experience on the main Evidence Aid X account. Follow Evidence Aid and experience the Colloquium alongside Claire and learn more about how evidence can support decision-makers! 

Dr. Nikita Burke
Social Media: X accounts for Evidence Synthesis Ireland, Cochrane Ireland, and Nikita's personal X account

Dr. Nikita Burke is the Programme Manager for Evidence Synthesis Ireland, which aims to build knowledge, awareness and capacity in evidence synthesis on the island of Ireland and beyond. She is also the Associate Director for Cochrane Ireland. 

Nikita has a curiosity and commitment to public involvement and engagement in health research, and knowledge translation and communication of evidence. She has worked with Cochrane Crowd to develop educational modules for the public on key steps in a systematic review and study designs.

This is Nikita’s first Cochrane Colloquium! She is looking forward to meeting colleagues and public partners, many in person for the first time! Follow her on  @EvidSynIrl, @CochraneIreland, or @nikitanburke for public involvement, co-production, capacity building and communication of evidence content.

Sarah Chapman
Social Media: X

Sarah Chapman is a Knowledge Broker at Cochrane UK and she is an editor a writer for the Evidently Cochrane Blog. She also has a personal blog, From Ear To Eternity, where she writes about her cochlear implant journey and about life with hearing loss. Her interests include best practices for sharing health evidence on social media and patient involvement in health research. 

This is Sarah's seventh Colloquium and the second time being part of the Local Organizing Committee. She is looking forward to welcoming everyone to London and dancing under the dinosaurs at the social night. 

Sarah will be sharing behind-the-scenes images of the Colloquium and all the extra bits beyond the main content events. Follow Sarah to also learn more about how Cochrane involves patients and advocates in their work. 

Claudio Cordani
Social Media: Instagram, X

Claudio Cordani is a Physiotherapist from Italy. He completed a Master of Science in 2019 and is now attending a Ph.D. in Clinical Research. Since 2021, he has been a member of Cochrane Rehabilitation, following special projects on evidence synthesis in the rehabilitation field. Claudio is passionate about neurological and musculoskeletal rehabilitation as well as clinical research.

This is Claudio's first Cochrane Colloquium and he is looking forward to meeting some research peers in the unique and historical background of London. He is excited about the opportunity to learn more about methodology, healthcare decision-making, stakeholder engagement, and evidence implementation. Claudio has contributed to the oral communication entitled “The concept of “evidence relevant to” in the rehabilitation field: post COVID-19 condition mapping for the World Health Organization Guidance”, which will be presented by Prof. Stefano Negrini on September 4th at “Mapping evidence” session. 

Claudio will be posting about his experience on his personal Instagram and his personal X account and will be tagging Cochrane Rehabilitation on Instagram and Cochrane Rehabilitation on X, so you can also follow the official account for his reposts. 

 

Megha Garg
Social Media: LinkedIn

Megha works as Systematic Review Scientist and is the editor-in-chief of a renowned journal along with being the editorial team member for many others. Her interests include best practices and methods behind evidence synthesis, with a focus on quality and bias assessment in published literature.

This is Megha's first Cochrane Colloquium! She is looking forward to engaging with healthcare decision-making experts to explore the challenges in healthcare data and working 'forward together for trusted evidence' while enjoying the stunning views across the London skyline to prominent historic landmarks.

Follow Megha on LinkedIn and go behind the scenes! She will be reporting live from the Colloquium to share some of the insights from each day and take you through the talks, workshops, and other activities and presentations.

 

Ella Flemyng
Social Media: X, LinkedIn

Ella is Cochrane's Interim Head of Editorial Policy and Research Integrity and is on the Editorial Board of Cochrane's new, open access journal, Cochrane Evidence Synthesis and Methods. She is interested in research integrity, reliability, and the methods behind evidence synthesis.

She is looking forward to immersing herself in research integrity and methodology topics and networking with experts at the Colloquium. She is particularly excited about the 2023 Cochrane Methods Symposium.

Ella shares developments in evidence synthesis methodology, research integrity and publication ethics on social media. Follow Ella and learn from all the posters and presentations she will be attending and sharing.

Margarida Freitas
Social Media: personal Instagram and Cochrane Rehabilitation Instagram

Margarida Freitas is a Medical Doctor and Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine specialist from Portugal. She has been involved with clinical research and team managing and development since Medical School. Since 2020, she has been Cochrane Rehabilitation's Translation Manager, managing a team of translation partners who speak a total of 13 languages. Margarida is passionate about Rehabilitation, Dance Medicine, and clinical research and she is about to start her PhD journey. 

This is Margarida's first Cochrane Colloquium! She is looking forward to meeting some research peers in the vibrant, yet historical London city. She is thrilled to return to the UK, where she has spent some months in observational clinical rotations. She won't miss the opportunity of learning more about healthcare decision-making, statistics and methodology. Margarida will present an oral communication about the cooperative framework of Cochrane Rehabilitation's blogshot translation, so make sure you don't miss the "Building partnerships and implementing evidence" session.

She will be posting as much as she can on her personal Instagram account – @margarida_mota_freitas - and she will be tagging @cochrane.rehabilitation, so you can also follow the official account.

Dr Pradnya Kakodkar
Social Media: LinkedIn, YouTube 

Meet Dr Pradnya Kakodkar; an independent Education and Research Consultant from India. She is a dedicated Cochrane member and passionately conducts webinars to promote the findings of Cochrane systematic review in dental practice. These webinars aim to bridge the gap between research and clinicians, facilitating effective knowledge translation and benefiting the general public in dental practice.  

This is Pradnya’s first Colloquium! She is extremely excited to present her work in poster form and share her Colloquium experiences with you.

Stay connected with Pradnya on LinkedIn and YouTube as she will be sharing personal insights from the experience of presenting at the Colloquium and attending for the first time,  valuable perspectives from experts, and noteworthy takeaways from sessions she will be attending.

Katie Lamb
Social Media: Instagram, X, LinkedIn 

Katie is an artist and advocate for children and young people living with diabetes and has lived with type one diabetes for twenty years. Her interests include ensuring the voices of young people are heard in research, and using arts and creativity to share lived experiences. Katie is an Expert by Experience for the Diabetes UK Research Steering Group for children and young people and a diabetes advocate with the Dedoc Voices programme.

This is Katie’s first Cochrane Colloquium! She is looking forward to meeting researchers and consumer volunteers, and the opportunity to learn from experts. Katie is most excited about sessions focused on co-design and communicating evidence.

Follow Katie to see how healthcare consumers are involved in the event and the main takeaways from the sessions she attends. Katie uses Instagram to share event highlights through art and creative summaries. 

Toby Lasserson
Social Media: Twitter

Toby is the Deputy Editor in Chief of the Cochrane Library and Cochrane's Head of Methods & Evidence Synthesis. 

This is Toby's 18th Colloquium! He is especially excited to attend the Methods Symposium happening the day before and the Annual General Meeting.

Follow Toby as he shares witty and pun-filled tweets about Cochrane evidence, the methodology behind meta-analysis and systematic reviews, and live tweets with takeaways from plenary speakers at the Colloquium. 

Richard Morley
Social Media: X, LinkedIn 

Richard works for Cochrane as the Consumer Engagement Officer, supporting the engagement and involvement of healthcare consumers (patients, carers, and the public) in Cochrane's work.  

This is Richard's fourth Colloquium experience. He is part of Cochrane London's  Local Organizing Committee and is chair of the Consumer Stiped Committee. He is especially looking forward to meeting with some of the consumer volunteers in-person and the meetings before the Colloquium begins. 

Follow Richard to learn more about how the Colloquium is a Patients Included event and what things have been done behind the scenes to make the event accessible. 

Roses Parker
Social Media: X

Meet Roses Parker, Cochrane's Commissioning Editor who possesses a wealth of knowledge and experience. With a PhD in Nursing focusing on pain management in children with cancer, Roses has made significant contributions to Cochrane in various capacities. Her involvement spans a wide range of crucial tasks, from coordinating priority-setting work, using data to commission updates, and being an author on the updated 'Cochrane logo review'.

Roses eagerly anticipates attending her second Colloquium! She is particularly excited about the Methods Symposium preceding the main event, as it promises to delve into the latest advancements in equity in evidence synthesis. Roses will also be giving a presentation at the Colloquium about Cochrane's important role in improving health equity and how others can get involved. Roses aims to provide some real-time updates through her X account, capturing the essence of the workshops, plenaries, and other noteworthy events she will be attending.

Join Roses on an inspiring journey through her live tweets, as she takes you along to experience the immersive Colloquium first-hand and unveils invaluable insights from the captivating presentations she attends.

Muriah Umoquit
Social Media: X, Cochrane Instagram Stories

Muriah is Cochrane's Senior Communications Officer and runs the social media for Cochrane and Cochrane Library. 

This is Muriah's fourth Colloquium. She is looking forward to seeing everyone use the wonderful #BetterPoster templates and connecting with the community through Colloquium social events,  such as the book exchange, the Anne Anderson Walk, and the Gala night. 

Follow Muriah for tips and best practices for making the most of attending a conference on social media. She will also be sharing short interviews and behind-the-scenes videos on Cochrane's Instagram stories during the colloquium.  

 Dr. Elpida Vounzoulaki
Social Media: X

Elpida Vounzoulaki is a Postdoctoral Epidemiologist at the Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester and Chair of the Cochrane Early Career Professionals (ECP) Steering Group. She is also the host of Cochrane ECP's first podcast, Conversations with Cochrane.

This is Elpida's first time attending a Cochrane event and she is really excited to meet Cochrane members and volunteers, as well as speakers attending the event!

Follow Elpida on X and learn about what is going on at ''Putting evidence into practice'' on Sunday 3 September and the exciting opportunities to get involved with Cochrane as an Early Career Professional!

Find out more about the Colloquium:

• View and update your schedule
• Visit the Colloquium website
• ‘Take a break activities

 

Thursday, August 24, 2023

Monday, February 20, 2023

Friday, February 17, 2023

Cochrane China recently hosted a virtual event for the evidence-based medicine community that brought together many of its partners, local expertise, and international speakers. Here the team provides an overview of who was involved and what was covered at the event. 

The 3rd Beijing forum of evidence-based medicine and Cochrane China Network Symposium was successfully held virtually on January 15th, 2023. The host of this conference were Cochrane China Network and Beijing GRADE Center. The organizers are Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, affiliate of the Cochrane China Network; Beijing GRADE Center; and Institute for Excellence in Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. The co-organizers are affiliates of the Cochrane China Network, including Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong; Evidence-based Medicine Centre, Fudan University; Centre for Evidence-based and Translational Medicine, Wuhan University; Cochrane China Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Centre for Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical Research, Peking University; School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University; Institute of Health Data Science, Lanzhou University; Evidence-based Medicine Centre, University of Nottingham Ningbo.

Professor Liu Jianping, director of the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and senior research fellow Fei Yutong at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine served as the chairmen of the conference. Meanwhile, the conference invited Professor Gordon Guyatt, McMaster University, Canada, senior management of the Cochrane China Network headquarters, a total of 5 internationally renowned scholars from the United Kingdom, the United States, Hong Kong and other countries and regions, as well as speakers from 9 member units of the Cochrane China Network. In total, 25 scholars gave academic reports.

The conference conducted in-depth exchange and discussions of cutting-edge evidence-based medicine topics, which was divided into four modules: interpretation of the Cochrane review publishing policy, translational evidence, research frontiers in systematic reviews and evidence synthesis, and research methods in clinical practice.

 To start,  Liu Jianping, the chairman of the conference, Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Chen Yingyao, Qian Huitang and Jin Yinghui, the rotating chairmen of the Cochrane China Network executive committee, delivered opening speeches, respectively.

Liu Jianping briefly introduced the origin and development of the Cochrane China Network, and hoped that everyone could communicate and exchange with each other on the progress and achievement in methodologies, as well as the opportunities and challenges faced through this conference.

Chen Yingyao, on behalf of the Cochrane China Network executive committee, warmly welcomed the presence of all experts and listeners attending the conference, and expressed heartfelt thanks to the hosts and organizers of the conference, as nine member units from eight regions could carry out academic exchanges through this cloud platform.

Qian Huitang stated that the conference invited experts and scholars from home and abroad to make academic reports, which provided a platform for communication and exchange among member units, and wished the conference a complete success. Jin Yinghui said that Cochrane China Network has been trying to participate in the production, dissemination and translation of evidence since the establishment of it two years ago, and hoped to attract more researchers and clinical workers to improve patients' health concepts based on the best evidence through the academic conference held biennially.

 On the morning of January 15th, the module of the conference was interpretation of the Cochrane review publishing policy. Catherine Spencer, the Cochrane’s chief executive officer, Gordon Guyatt, the founder of evidence-based medicine, McMaster University, Tiffany Duque, the central executive team of Cochrane, Liu Jianping, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Liu Qin, Chongqing Medical University, were invited to explain the content Changes and New Strategies of Cochrane, GRADE for Network Meta-analysis, Communicating Science & Evidence during Health Emergencies, Cochrane Review of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Current Status and Challenges, and Interpretation of the Cochrane Review Publishing Policy in simple terms. The conference was hosted by Fei Yutong.

 On the morning of January 15th, with the module of “translational evidence–1”, Susan Wieland, director of Cochrane Complementary Medicine Department, Jin Yinghui, Wuhan University, Chen Yaolong, Lanzhou University, and Xia Jun with GRADE Center of university of Nottingham Ningbo were invited to separately report on Cochrane Complementary Medicine: The Global Benefit of Chinese Collaboration, Implementation Evaluation of Clinical Practice Guidelines, Scientificity, Transparency, Applicability and Rankings (STAR) Tool for Clinical Practice Guidelines, and Use of Cochrane's Reviews to Inform WHO Guidelines, which were focused on as a hot issue and frontier of research related to guidelines. The conference was hosted by Li Xun.

 On the afternoon of January 15th, the conference’s module was “translational evidence–2”. It invited Richard Hubbard, University of Nottingham Ningbo, Hao Yufang, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Tian Jinhui, Centre for Evidence-based Medicine of Lanzhou University, Li Xun, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Wang Yongbo, Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, to reported on Using Routinely Collected Data for Clinical Research, Development and Adaptation of Nursing Guidelines for Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Progress and Challenges of the Research Methods on the Synthesis and Translational Evidence in Evidence Ecosystem, Enhancing Medical Students' Awareness of Evidence-based Medicine and Their Ability to Transform Knowledge Through Cochrane Evidence, Development of Clinical Practice Guideline Knowledge Graph, surrounding the key issues of interest in the process of developing and evaluating evidence-based medicine evidence. The conference was hosted by Wang Ping.

 In the module of “research frontiers in systematic reviews and evidence synthesis”, Zhan Siyan, Peking University, Nie Xiaolu, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Wu Shanshan, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Yang Zhirong, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mou Huanyu and Li Caixia, Chinese University of Hong Kong, and Huang Qiao, Wuhan University, were invited to introduce Progress in Evidence Synthesis, Umbrella Reviews: Strengths and Limitations, Evidence Synthesis of Predictive Models: A Case Study of Liver Cancer Risk Prediction, A New Method for Evidence Synthesis to Determine the Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines, Effectiveness of Dyadic Psychoeducational Intervention for Stroke Survivors and Family Caregivers on Functional and Psychosocial Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, Effects of Nurse-led Interventions on Early Detection of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, and Development and Promotion of An Online Helper for Systematic Reviews of Evidence-based Medicine. The conference was co-hosted by Han Mei, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Sun Feng, Peking University.

 In the “research methods in clinical practice” module, Chen Shiyao, Fudan University, Shi Qiuling, Chongqing Medical University, Peng Xiaoxia, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tan Jing and Yu Jiajie, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, were invited to introduce Taking Clinical Practice to the Forefront of Research, Statistical Significance VS Clinical Significance: An Introduction to Minimum Clinically Meaningful Changes in Patient-reported Outcomes, Establishment of Reference Intervals and Clinical Decision Limits, The Development and Application of A RWD-based Method for Assessing the Effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Pregnant Women, and Application of IDEAL in Surgical Clinical Researches. The conference was hosted by Xing Jingli.

This forum is another grand conference of the Cochrane China network two years after the founding conference of the Cochrane China Network. It is a high-level international conference in the field of Chinese evidence-based medicine. It is expected that Cochrane China Network will have better development in the work and research of Cochrane with the deeper and further academic collision and exchange.

A warm thank you and congratulations to everyone involved!

• Learn more about Cochrane China
• Get involved with Cochrane
• Learn more about events happening at Cochrane

Writen by Wang Ping and Li Xun. Reviewed by Fei Yutong, Liu Jianping, Li Feng, and Li Chenhui.

Friday, February 17, 2023

Overall lack of evidence raises questions about the benefits

People with chronic back pain may turn to spinal cord stimulation to ease their pain, but a University of Sydney led Cochrane Review found no sustained benefits to the surgery that outweigh the costs and risks.  

Spinal cord stimulation, a medical technology suggested to treat people with chronic back pain, does not provide long-term relief and may cause harm, according to a Cochrane Review released today.

Spinal cord stimulation is thought to work by planting a device that sends electrical pulses to the spinal cord to interrupt nerve signals before they reach the brain.

The study reviewed published clinical data on spinal cord stimulation. This included randomised controlled trials, considered to be the most robust method to measure the effectiveness of a treatment in medical research.

The researchers analysed the results of 13 clinical trials, looking at data from 699 participants, comparing spinal cord stimulation treatment with placebo or no treatment for low back pain.

Cochrane reviews are trusted by researchers, medical professionals and policymakers because they use robust methodologies to combine evidence from multiple sources, reducing the impact of bias and random error that can make individual studies less reliable.

The review concluded that spinal cord stimulation is no better than a placebo for treating low back pain, with probably little to no benefits for people with low back pain or improving their quality of life.

There was little to no clinical data regarding the long-term effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation, including the risk of side effects and complications.

The researchers also found that adverse side effects to the surgery were poorly documented overall, preventing them from concluding the level of risk involved. Harms from spinal cord stimulation could include nerve damage, infection, and the electrical leads moving, all of which may need repeated surgeries.

The review findings have been submitted to the Federal Department of Health and Aged Care prosthesis list review taskforce. The taskforce is reviewing the eligibility of current prostheses subsidised by Medicare.

In Australia, the devices' long-term safety and performance are also being re-accessed by The Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), the country’s regulatory authority for therapeutic goods.

“Spinal cord stimulation is invasive and has a great financial cost to people who choose surgery as a last resort to alleviate their pain. Our review found that the long-term benefits and harms are essentially unknown,” said lead researcher Dr Adrian Traeger from Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, an initiative of the University of Sydney, Sydney Local Health District and Northern Sydney Local Health District.

“Our review of the clinical data suggests no sustained benefits to the surgery outweigh the costs and risks.

“Low back pain is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Our findings further emphasise the urgent need to review funding arrangements for chronic pain care to help patients in their search for relief. There are evidence-based physical and psychological therapies for back pain; ensuring access to these is essential.”

The review team found multiple gaps in clinical data.

There were no studies that investigated the long-term (more than 12 months) impact of spinal cord stimulation on low back pain. The longest was a single six-month trial.

The majority of clinical trials only looked at the immediate impact of the device, which is a time frame of less than a month.

The review team provided a list of recommendations, which include future spinal cord stimulation clinical trials to be at least 12 months, clearly document the number of people who experience adverse events and comparison with other pain treatment options.

Professor Chris Maher, Co-Director of Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, said,

“Our review found that the clinical benefit of adding spinal cord stimulation to treat low back pain remains unknown. When coupled with the reality that these devices are very expensive and often breakdown there is clearly a problem here that should be of concern to regulators.”

A separate Cochrane review, in which the researchers were not involved, examined the effect of spinal cord stimulation versus placebo in people with chronic pain. Similar to this review, it concluded there was a lack of evidence to suggest long-term benefits in treating chronic pain.

• Read the full review in the Cochrane Library 
• Read the University of Sydney Press Release 

Tuesday, March 7, 2023

减缓儿童近视进展的干预措施 关键信息 • 滴眼液中的阿托品等药物可以减缓儿童短视或近视的发展，还可以减少近视引起的眼球伸长。高剂量的阿托品最有效。我们不确定低剂量阿托品的效果。 • 一些治疗方法，包括特殊类型的眼镜镜片和隐形眼镜，可能会减缓近视的发展，但它们的效果仍然不确定，并且没有足够的信息说明是否有产生不良反应的风险。 • 也不清楚所报告的药物或镜片对减缓近视加深的益处是否能持续多年。 什么是近视？ 近视（或短视）是指人们难以看清远处的物体，而近处的物体仍保持清晰。它在世界范围内非常普遍，影响了中国和东南亚一半以上的儿童。近视可能会损害生活的许多方面，包括上学和职业活动。而且，近视的人眼睛更长，这意味着视网膜被拉长了。这使眼睛在以后的生活中更容易患上青光眼、黄斑病和视网膜脱离等眼病。 如何治疗近视？ 尽管传统的眼镜或隐形眼镜能够矫正近视，但它们并不能减缓近视的发展。许多光学疗法（如传统眼镜与隐形眼镜）与药物可减缓近视的进展。近视治疗需要在儿童时期进行，因为此时近视发展最快。阿托品滴眼液等药物可能有效，但会导致对眩光的敏感性增加，并导致阅读时出现问题，尤其是在高剂量时。也可以使用在镜片内包含多个聚焦点的特殊眼镜（多焦点或周边离焦镜片）。这些也可以作为软性隐形眼镜提供。其它称为角膜塑形术的隐形眼镜，旨在暂时改变眼睛表面的形状，在睡眠期间佩戴并在白天摘下。软性隐形眼镜和角膜塑形术都...

孕期服用膳食补充剂肌醇用于预防妊娠糖尿病的发生 关键信息 患有妊娠糖尿病的女性在孕期和分娩期间有较高的风险会出现并发症，并且之后患糖尿病的风险也更高。妊娠糖尿病患者的婴儿在体型上可能比较大，导致出生时容易受伤。这些孩子在婴儿期，甚至往后的儿童或青年时期都有罹患糖尿病的风险。全世界罹患妊娠糖尿病的女性人数正在增加，因此，找到简单且具有成本效益的方法来预防妊娠糖尿病是非常重要的。 肌醇是一种天然存在的糖分，存在于谷物、玉米、绿色蔬菜和肉类中，可影响人体对胰岛素的敏感性。 我们想知道什么？ 我们想了解肌醇是否可作为预防妊娠糖尿病的有效产前膳食补充剂。 我们做了什么？ 我们检索了比较肌醇（单独使用或合并其他疗法）与不治疗或其他治疗的研究。我们对研究结果进行比较及总结后，根据研究方法和规模等因素评估了证据的可信度。 我们发现了什么？ 我们发现了7项研究，涉及1319名怀孕10周至24周的女性。 主要研究结果 我们尚不清楚补充肌醇与妊娠糖尿病发生率的降低是否有关。然而，肌醇可能与妊娠期高血压疾病的减少有关。我们尚不清楚补充肌醇是否会减少出生时大于胎龄儿的数量。 这些研究没有提供任何关于新生儿死亡（出生前或出生后不久）、忧郁症或分娩后继发2型糖尿病的信息。在报告这一结局的5项研究中，没有治疗对母体不良反应的呈现；另外2项研究未提及这一点。 我们不清楚补充肌醇对孕期体重增加或对低血糖婴儿的影响。...