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Global evidence, local impact: broadening participation at the Global Evidence Summit

1 year 1 month ago

The second Global Evidence Summit (GES) is taking place in the picturesque city of Prague, Czech Republic, from 10 to 13 September 2024 - registration is still open!  Hosted by global leaders in evidence synthesis and evidence-based practice, including Cochrane, JBI, Guidelines International Network (GIN), and The Campbell Collaboration, the summit represents a unique opportunity for knowledge exchange and collaboration. It is an opportunity for professionals across various sectors, such as health, education, social justice, the environment, and climate change, to engage in discussions about producing, summarizing, and disseminating evidence to inform policy and practice.

GES is committed to inclusivity and global partnership, with a particular focus on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We spoke with Sabrina Khamissa, Cochrane's Events Support Officer closely involved in GES, to uncover insights, behind-the-scenes information, and updates about the event.



Hi Sabrina! Excitement is building for the upcoming GES event in September. Could you give us an overview of GES's approach to inclusivity and global participation?
Sabrina: The GES stands out as a unique gathering, uniting individuals across various disciplines and roles, from policymakers to patients and government officials to advocates. This diversity is also reflected in our attendees and our program. Ensuring a diverse and representative audience is important to us. Our commitment to including LMICs has been integral to every stage of planning. From the formation of committees working behind the scenes, to the selection of conference themes and speakers, and even to offering discounts to LMIC attendees. We've strived to make the participation of people from LMICs a central focus of the event.

That's wonderful to hear! Could you share a bit about what's happening behind the scenes to involve LMICs that people might not know about?
Sabrina: Absolutely! Behind the scenes, there has been an effort to make the GES accessible and inclusive for participants from LMICs. One aspect that may not be immediately apparent is the meticulous process of selecting the event location. The choice of the Czech Republic was intentional. Its accessibility via train or plane, price points of accommodation and other expenses, and reasonable visa requirements make it an ideal venue that ensures ease and affordability for global attendees. We also have many committees working behind the scenes. We've taken deliberate steps to ensure that these committees encompass a range of perspectives, including representation from LMICs. From reviewing abstract submissions to curating the roster of keynote speakers, diversity is at the forefront of our considerations. This ensures that the program reflects the global diversity of voices and experiences, enriching the summit's discourse and impact.

Registration prices and visa requirements can often pose significant barriers for attendees from LMICs. How is GES addressing these challenges?
Sabrina: To promote inclusivity, we have implemented significantly reduced registration rates for attendees joining us from low-income, lower-middle-income, and upper-middle-income economies, as classified by the World Bank. This initiative aims to mitigate financial barriers that often deter participation from LMICs, ensuring that cost is not a prohibitive factor for delegates seeking to attend GES. 

We understand the logistical challenges faced by attendees from LMICs, including visa requirements. To alleviate this burden, we are happy to provide letters of invitation to support visa applications. We encourage all attendees to check visa requirements and if you need a letter, please get in touch as early as possible. Our goal is to facilitate smooth and hassle-free participation for all delegates!



There are also stipends. What exactly are those and what does it cover?
Sabrina: Cochrane is committed to promoting diversity and inclusion within its network and recognizes the importance of making its events accessible to individuals from all backgrounds. The organization understands that individuals from low and middle-income countries may face financial barriers that prevent them from attending GES and wants to help alleviate those barriers by offering stipends and bursaries. This is a long tradition at Cochrane and we have been offering this for many years.

Stipends were made available to those residing in low-, lower-middle-, and upper-middle-income countries who are actively contributing to GES's mission. We are grateful to TDR and EDC TP for sponsoring people from LMICs who may not have otherwise been able to attend.  Recipients of these scholarships are expected to provide a report detailing their experiences at the Global Evidence Summit. This report may be utilized as a blog post or news item, contributing to the dissemination of insights and knowledge gained from the event. We also offered stipends for patients and consumers too! 



And what about the GES program? 
Sabrina: The official GES themes have relevance to LMIC, including sustainable development and global evidence to local impact. Each plenary session will feature an LMIC or UMIC representative speaker, ensuring that diverse perspectives are incorporated into the discussions. Plenaries serve as a valuable platform where all attendees come together for presentations followed by panel discussions—an enriching shared experience for all involved.

The program also encompasses many posters and smaller oral presentations, all revolving around our GES themes. These sessions provide attendees with the opportunity to delve into their specific areas of interest, fostering a dynamic learning environment tailored to individual preferences. As I said before, it's a very unique event and we are confident that there will be interesting content for all attendees!

Looking ahead, what are the long-term implications of efforts in involving LMICs in global initiatives like the Global Evidence Summit?
Sabrina: That's an interesting question and it's been one that we have been conscious of. GES organizers and the partners involved truly feel that the efforts extend far beyond the confines of a GES single event. By fostering collaboration and knowledge exchange among diverse people, we lay the foundation for sustainable partnerships that transcend geographical boundaries. Ultimately, we aim to empower attendees to take ownership of evidence-based practices, driving positive health outcomes and equity on a global scale. 

Registration is still open for GES (with onsite registration available!) and we're looking forward to welcoming you all to Prague! See you there! 

Tuesday, August 20, 2024
Muriah Umoquit

Cochrane seeks Data Scientist (UK remote – flexible)

1 year 1 month ago

Specifications: 6-Months Fixed –Term Contract
Salary: 
Hourly Rate – £12-£15 per Hour depending on experience
(Please note: This is a short-term project-based contract that is open to anyone who would like to gain experience in this field without necessarily having professional experience.)
Location:
UK (Remote – Flexible)  
Closing date:
  11 March 2024
 
Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesising research findings and our work has been recognised as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

Cochrane's strength is in its collaborative, global community. We have 110,000+ members and supporters around the world. Though we are spread out across the globe, our shared passion for health evidence unites us. Our Central Executive Team supports this work and is divided into four directorates: Evidence Production and Methods, Publishing and Technology, Development, and Finance and Corporate Services.

As Cochrane’s Data Scientist, you will work with our technology, product and publishing teams to leverage data in supporting the work of Cochrane in advocating for evidence-informed health decision-making worldwide.  

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Our organization is built on four core values: Collaboration: Underpins everything we do, locally and globally. Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format. Integrity: Independent and transparent. Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigour and trust.  

You can expect:  

  • An opportunity to truly impact health globally.  
  • A flexible work environment  
  • A comprehensive onboarding experiences.
  • An environment where people feel welcome, heard, and included, regardless of their differences.

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations, and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply

  • For further information on the role and how to apply
  • The deadline to receive your application is 11th March, 2024.
  • The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples. 
  • Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement
Tuesday, February 27, 2024 Category: Jobs
Lydia Parsonson

Cochrane seeks FES Implementation Officer (UK, remote – flexible)

1 year 1 month ago

Specifications: 1-Year Fixed Term Contract
Salary:  £35,000 per Annum  
Location: UK (Remote – Flexible)  
Closing date: 15 March 2024
 
Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesising research findings and our work has been recognised as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

Cochrane's strength is in its collaborative, global community. We have 110,000+ members and supporters around the world. Though we are spread out across the globe, our shared passion for health evidence unites us. Our Central Executive Team supports this work and is divided into four directorates: Evidence Production and Methods, Publishing and Technology, Development, and Finance and Corporate Services.

The Future of Evidence Synthesis (FES) is a critical programme of work for Cochrane over the next 3 years. Successful delivery is essential for Cochrane’s future and sustainability. A core component of the new production model is the creation of Cochrane Evidence Synthesis Units  and Thematic Groups. This role will work closely with the Head of Change Management, to support the Thematic Groups and Evidence Synthesis Units across the implementation cycle – from application process management, through to onboarding and monitoring and evaluation.
       
Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Our organization is built on four core values: Collaboration: Underpins everything we do, locally and globally. Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format. Integrity: Independent and transparent. Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigour and trust.  

You can expect:  

  • An opportunity to truly impact health globally.  
  • A flexible work environment  
  • A comprehensive onboarding experiences.
  • An environment where people feel welcome, heard, and included, regardless of their differences.

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations, and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply

  • For further information on the role and how to apply
  • The deadline to receive your application is 15 March 2024.
  • The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples. 
  • Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement
Tuesday, February 27, 2024 Category: Jobs
Lydia Parsonson

大环内酯类抗生素(包括阿奇霉素)治疗囊性纤维化患者

1 year 1 month ago
大环内酯类抗生素(包括阿奇霉素)治疗囊性纤维化患者 综述问题 大环内酯类抗生素对囊性纤维化(cystic fibrosis, CF)患者及其呼吸道感染有什么影响? 关键信息 -CF患者更容易受到难以治疗细菌引起的胸部感染。 -大环内酯类抗生素(如阿奇霉素和克拉霉素)可能会减轻细菌的影响。 -与安慰剂(不含活性成分的治疗)相比,一种大环内酯类抗生素阿奇霉素可以在6个月时改善肺功能,并可能降低肺部感染复发的风险。我们不确定较高剂量的阿奇霉素是否比较低剂量更有效,或者吸入阿奇霉素是否比口服阿奇霉素更有效。与每天口服阿奇霉素相比,每周口服组对于肺功能的改善较小,且更可能出现长时间的感染加重。 -目前的证据不支持对所有CF患者长期使用阿奇霉素。 引言 CF患者的呼吸道感染通常是由 铜绿假单胞菌 引起的,它对几乎所有可以吞咽(口服)的抗生素都有耐药性。大环内酯类抗生素,例如阿奇霉素和克拉霉素,对 铜绿假单胞菌 没有直接的杀灭作用,但它们可能会降低这些细菌的活性。 我们想知道什么? 我们想了解使用大环内酯类抗生素(通常口服)是否会影响CF患者的健康,以及这些药物是否有其他副作用。 我们做了什么? 我们检索了 关于大环内酯类抗生素对儿童和成人CF影响的研究,并总结了证据。 我们发现了什么? 我们发现并纳入了14项研究,这些研究将1467名儿童和成人随机分配到不同的治疗组。11项研究将阿奇霉素与安...

预防A/B型血友病患者出血的新型非凝血因子疗法有哪些益处和风险?

1 year 1 month ago
预防A/B型血友病患者出血的新型非凝血因子疗法有哪些益处和风险? 关键信息 - 在使用或不使用抑制剂的A/B型血友病患者中,与未采取预防出血措施相比,采用预防出血的非凝血因子疗法可降低所有出血、关节出血和自发性出血的年出血率。零出血人数的比例明显增加。据报告,非凝血因子疗法还能改善患者的生活质量。纳入的研究均未评估我们的次要结局,即关节健康、临床关节功能和经济结局。 - 虽然严重事件在是否使用非凝血因子预防之间相当,但总体意外事件有所增加。 - 还需要进一步的研究来确定每种非凝血因子疗法的长期效果。 用于预防A/B型血友病患者出血的非凝血因子疗法有哪些? 无法控制的自发性出血是A/B型血友病的主要问题。通常使用浓缩凝血因子来预防和治疗出血。非凝血因子疗法emicizumab(艾美赛珠单抗)、fitusiran、concizumab(康赛珠单抗)、和marstacimab(马塔西单抗)是血友病治疗的新选择。 我们想知道什么? 我们想知道使用非凝血因子疗法预防出血是否在改善出血和健康状况方面比标准凝血因子、旁路药物或不预防出血更好。 我们还想了解这些疗法是否与任何意外事件有关。 我们做了什么? 我们检索了在A/B型血友病患者中比较使用非凝血因子疗法预防出血与使用凝血因子、旁路药物或不预防出血的研究。 我们对研究结果进行了比较和总结,并根据研究方法和样本量等因素对证据质量进行了评价。 ...

Cochrane examines the evidence base for the effectiveness and implementation of Hospital at Home programmes

1 year 2 months ago

A new Cochrane Library Editorial has been released following the publication of two Cochrane systematic reviews on Hospital at Home (HAH) programmes, urging a shift in the trajectory of HaH research. 

Hospital at Home provides hospital-level care at home, for people who would otherwise be inpatients in hospital. One type of Hospital at Home is to avoid admission to hospital. This is called Admission Avoidance Hospital at Home. These services replace an admission to hospital, for people whose condition would normally need treatment in a hospital bed, for example for a flare-up of a lung condition. Instead, a doctor can refer a patient they assess as being suitable to receive treatment for an illness in their own home (or the place where they usually live, including in residential care), for a limited time. Another type is called Early Discharge Hospital at Home. These services shorten the length of time people need to stay in hospital after being admitted as an inpatient, for example following surgery or treatment for an illness or condition. The care patients would usually receive from healthcare professionals in a hospital bed is instead provided in their home, and is not expected to compromise the quality of care.

This first Cochrane review examined if providing health care in an admission avoidance hospital at home setting improves patient health outcomes and reduces health service costs.

Edgar K, Iliffe S, Doll HA, Clarke MJ, Gonçalves-Bradley DC, Wong E, Shepperd S. Admission avoidance hospital at home. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2024, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD007491. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007491.pub3.


The second Cochrane review is a qualitative evidence synthesis on what is important when introducing, running, and receiving care from Hospital at Home services. The authors wanted to explore a range of experiences of, and views on, Admission Avoidance and Early Discharge services. Topics covered things that managers want to know when planning to set up a Hospital at Home service, healthcare professionals’ views on working in a Hospital at Home service, what matters to patients who receive this type of care, or how family and caregivers experience Hospital at Home services for those they care for.

Wallis JA, Shepperd S, Makela P, Han JX, Tripp EM, Gearon E, Disher G, Buchbinder R, O'Connor D. Factors influencing the implementation of early discharge hospital at home and admission avoidance hospital at home: a qualitative evidence synthesis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2024, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD014765. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD014765.pub2. 

These two updated Cochrane reviews demonstrate HaH's clinical and cost-effectiveness but also show the lack of effective scale-up strategies. An accompanying Cochrane Library editorial strongly suggests that the future direction of HaH research must move beyond repeating clinical and cost-effectiveness studies comparing HaH to usual care and instead focus on identifying and testing strategies to increase adoption and sustainability across different healthcare systems. 

The authors summarized the Cochrane Library Editorial by saying:

This editorial recognises the conclusive evidence that Hospital at Home (HaH) programmes are comparable to traditional hospital care, and encourages the  shift in the discourse from “does HaH work?” to “how to we scale up HaH successfully?”. 

Key challenges that needs to be addressed are: patient and  caregiver engagement, policy development, and sustainability to integrate HaH as a core component of acute care strtagies.

Lai YF, Ko SQ. Time to shift the research agenda for Hospital at Home from effectiveness to implementation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2024, Issue 3. Art. No.: ED000165. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.ED000165.

Tuesday, March 5, 2024
Muriah Umoquit

Cochrane seeks Product Manager (permanent, UK remote)

1 year 2 months ago

Specifications: Permanent – Full Time
Salary:  £40,000 per Annum  
Location: UK (Remote) with occasional travel to London Office
Closing date: 7 March 2024

Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesising research findings and our work has been recognised as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

Cochrane's strength is in its collaborative, global community. We have 110,000+ members and supporters around the world. Though we are spread out across the globe, our shared passion for health evidence unites us. Our Central Executive Team supports this work and is divided into four directorates: Evidence Production and Methods, Publishing and Technology, Development, and Finance and Corporate Services.

You will manage the product roadmap and product lifecycle for commercial products, primarily focusing on the development of premium product offerings which leverage Cochrane evidence and content.

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Our organization is built on four core values: Collaboration: Underpins everything we do, locally and globally. Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format. Integrity: Independent and transparent. Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigour and trust.  

You can expect: 

  • An opportunity to truly impact health globally.  
  • A flexible work environment  
  • A comprehensive onboarding experiences.
  • An environment where people feel welcome, heard, and included, regardless of their differences.

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations, and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply

  • For further information on the role and how to apply, please click here
  • The deadline to receive your application is 07 March, 2024.
  • The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples. 
  • Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement
Thursday, February 22, 2024 Category: Jobs
Lydia Parsonson

他非诺喹预防患者复发间日疟

1 year 2 months ago
他非诺喹预防患者复发间日疟 本系统综述的目的是什么? 本系统综述的目的是证实他非诺喹是否可以预防患者再次感染疟原虫,以及证实其药效是否与标准治疗剂量下的伯氨喹相同。伯氨喹的标准治疗剂量为成人15毫克/天,计14天。 关键信息 将预防成人间日疟原虫疟疾复发的他非诺喹(由于不能区分复发和再感染,将所有研究中感染的再现视为复发)与无预防复发的治疗效果的(安慰剂)相比。他非诺喹和伯氨喹在预防再复发上也可能几乎没有或没有差异。由于研究量少以及数据缺乏,证据的可信度为中等。与安慰剂或者伯氨喹相比,他非诺喹在整体不良事件上几乎没有或没有差异。然而,我们不确定他非诺喹是否会造成诸如血红蛋白偏低,这种严重不良事件。 本系统综述的研究内容是什么? 间日疟原虫疟疾是由寄生虫间日疟原虫所引起的。该疾病可存在于肝脏感染的休眠(非活动)阶段,除非得到治疗,否则可能复发(恶化)。 直至今日,最常用的预防其复发的药物是伯氨喹,但现在有一种新的替代品,名为他非诺喹。负责保护公众健康的美国机构以及食品和药物管理局 (the Food and Drug Administration, FDA) 建议服用单剂量为300毫克的他非诺喹来预防复发。与通常需给药14天的伯氨喹相比,单日给药具有显著优势。然而,当患者患有叫磷酸脱氢(glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,G6PD)酶缺乏症的遗传病时...

不同给药时间和剂量类固醇预防肺损伤

1 year 2 months ago
不同给药时间和剂量类固醇预防肺损伤 系统综述问题 在早产儿中,使用类固醇(一类抑制炎症的药物)的什么时机和剂量最适合预防肺损伤? 背景 早产儿存在发展肺损伤的风险增加。在医学术语中,这被称为慢性肺病(chronic lung disease, CLD)或支气管肺发育不良(bronchopulmonary dysplasia, BPD)。肺部炎症是这些肺部问题的原因之一,因此研究人员对抗炎药物类固醇进行了调查。这些研究表明,类固醇治疗降低了BPD的风险,但也与后期发展中的严重副作用相关。为了减少这些副作用,医生们寻找了这些药物的替代方案,如延迟类固醇治疗的开始时间到较晚的时期,降低给药的总剂量,只在某些天数内给药然后暂停一段时间而不是每天给药,或者根据婴儿的情况来确定总剂量或药物疗程的长度,而不是对所有婴儿使用标准剂量。 我们做了什么? 我们检索了电子数据库,并找到了16项研究,研究了早产儿中两种或更多不同的类固醇疗程。所研究的疗程在给药的总剂量、药物开始时间、疗程的持续时间和安排方面存在差异。 主要结果 我们确定了16项研究,研究了不同的类固醇治疗开始时间和剂量。比较高剂量与低剂量疗程的研究显示,两组之间发展BPD的机会没有差异,但是对于接受较低总剂量药物的婴儿,存在后期发展不良的风险增加的担忧。研究早期与较晚开始类固醇治疗的结果没有显示出任何差异。此外,与每天治疗相比,间隔几天...

Cochrane seeks Governance Officer (permanent, remote UK)

1 year 2 months ago

Specifications: Permanent – Full Time
Salary:  £31,000 per Annum
Location: UK (Remote with occasional travel to the London office)
Directorate: CEOO
Closing date:  05 March 2024

Cochrane is an international charity. For 30 years we have responded to the challenge of making vast amounts of research evidence useful for informing decisions about health. We do this by synthesising research findings and our work has been recognised as the international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.

Cochrane's strength is in its collaborative, global community. We have 110,000+ members and supporters around the world. Though we are spread out across the globe, our shared passion for health evidence unites us. Our Central Executive Team supports this work and is divided into four directorates: Evidence Production and Methods, Publishing and Technology, Development, and Finance and Corporate Services.

The Governance Officer works at the most senior level in the organisation, ensuring the smooth running of Cochrane’s governance function and the systems and processes that support it.

Don’t have every single qualification? We know that some people are less likely to apply for a job unless they are a perfect match. At Cochrane, we’re not looking for “perfect matches.” We’re looking to welcome people to our diverse, inclusive, and passionate workplace. So, if you’re excited about this role but don’t have every single qualification, we encourage you to apply anyway. Whether it’s this role or another one, you may be just the right candidate.

Our organization is built on four core values:

Collaboration: Underpins everything we do, locally and globally.

Relevant: The right evidence at the right time in the right format.

Integrity: Independent and transparent.

Quality: Reviewing and improving what we do, maintaining rigour and trust.

You can expect:

  • An opportunity to truly impact health globally.
  • A flexible work environment
  • A comprehensive onboarding experiences.
  • An environment where people feel welcome, heard, and included, regardless of their differences.

Cochrane welcomes applications from a wide range of perspectives, experiences, locations, and backgrounds; diversity, equity and inclusion are key to our values.

How to apply

  • For further information on the role and how to apply
  • The deadline to receive your application is 5th March, 2024.
  • The supporting statement should indicate why you are applying for the post, and how far you meet the requirements, using specific examples.
  • Read our Recruitment Privacy Statement
Tuesday, February 20, 2024 Category: Jobs
Lydia Parsonson

适合超重或肥胖人士的智能手机应用程序

1 year 2 months ago
适合超重或肥胖人士的智能手机应用程序 关键信息 -我们发现的结果不足以表明智能手机应用程序可以帮助患有超重或肥胖的青少年和成年人。当我们将智能手机应用程序与不干预或个人指导进行比较时,我们发现差异很小,可能不会对日常生活产生重要影响。 -我们没有太多关于青少年的资料。我们也不知道智能手机应用程序在不同国家,或对于收入较少或背景不同的人群来说效果如何。 -三十四项关于这个主题的研究正在进行中,我们预计在未来两年内能够了解更多信息。 -医生和其他健康专业人士需要仔细考虑是否向超重或肥胖者推荐智能手机应用程序。 什么是超重及肥胖? 超重意味着体重超过该身高应有的正常体重。这通常以体重指数(BMI,即一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方(kg/m²))来表示。对于超重的成年人来说,这意味着BMI为25至30。肥胖是指某人体重明显超重,且有较高的健康问题风险。对于成年人来说,这意味着BMI超过30。除了可能出现的健康问题外,肥胖者也经常受到周围人的不公平对待。 什么是适合超重或肥胖人士的智能手机应用程序? 智能手机应用程序是在智能手机上运行的程序。它们可以帮助超重和肥胖的人在生活中做出良好的健康选择。他们可能会鼓励青少年和成年人更积极地锻炼身体,改变饮食方式,或更积极地看待自己。这些应用程序被认为可以帮助人们保持健康的习惯。 我们想研究什么? 我们想要研究使用智能手机应用程序对超重或肥...

英夫利昔单抗用于维持克罗恩病的成功治疗

1 year 2 months ago
英夫利昔单抗用于维持克罗恩病的成功治疗 关键信息 对于对英夫利昔单抗有反应的患者来说,英夫利昔单抗在预防疾病复发方面可能优于安慰剂。在预防瘘管病患者失去反应方面,它也可能优于安慰剂。就不良事件总数而言,它可能与安慰剂相似。 对于对英夫利昔单抗有反应的缓解期患者,英夫利昔单抗联合嘌呤类似物在预防临床和内镜下疾病复发方面可能优于单独使用嘌呤类似物。 英夫利昔单抗在预防临床复发方面可能与生物仿制药类似,但对于对英夫利昔单抗表现出反应的活动性疾病患者来说,在预防临床反应丧失方面可能稍差一些。就因不良事件导致的退出情况而言,英夫利昔单抗可能比生物仿制药更糟糕。英夫利昔单抗在严重不良事件和总体不良事件方面可能与生物仿制药类似。 什么是克罗恩病? 克罗恩病是一种慢性(终生)炎症性疾病,可以影响肠道的任何部位。常见症状包括血便、腹泻、胃痛、发烧、体重减轻和疲倦等。当某人出现克罗恩病症状时,他们被认为患有“活动性”疾病,当他们的症状得到控制时,他们被认为“处于缓解期”。我们不知道克罗恩病的确切病因是什么,但它可能与基因、免疫系统故障、“坏”肠道细菌和环境原因的组合有关。目前还没有已知的治愈方法,但症状通常可以通过药物来控制,例如类固醇、免疫系统药物,必要时还可以进行手术。世纪之交,一种名为英夫利昔单抗(infliximab)的新型药物出现,属于生物制剂药物类别,并开始广泛用于治疗克罗恩病。 我们想...

Cochrane Sweden wrongly suspended from social media platform X

1 year 2 months ago

Last week, a report co-authored by Cochrane Sweden revealed that the results of hundreds of Nordic clinical trials remain unpublished. The team shared the report on the social media platform X, formerly known as Twitter. Two days later, their account was suspended from the platform following reports from unknown users. The team are appealing the decision but have had no response so far.

Since 2019, Cochrane Sweden have been involved in improving trial transparency, publishing reports and organizing international webinars. The latest report found that 475 clinical trials involving 83,903 patients completed during 2016-19 in Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Norway and Sweden have never made their results public in any form.



“We shared the report on Nordic trial transparency on Tuesday 6 February, and by Thursday our Cochrane Sweden X account was suspended unexpectedly,” says Matteo Bruschettini, Director of Cochrane Sweden and co-author of the report. “We have initiated an appeal against the suspension, which is apparently for ‘pretending to be another entity in a misleading or deceptive manner’. We suspect that we were reported maliciously in response to our latest report, which is extremely unfortunate. We are currently considering whether to dismiss X and focus on other social media channels.”


X’s rules on ‘platform integrity and authenticity’ state that accounts will be suspended if they are ‘engaged in impersonation or are using a deceptive identity’. This is clearly not the case for Cochrane Sweden’s X account, which has always been run by Cochrane Sweden.

This is not the first time that Cochrane-affiliated social media channels have been erroneously censored by social media platforms. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Cochrane social media posts sharing evidence that ivermectin and hydroxychloroquine were ineffective treatments were removed from various social media platforms and wrongly tagged as ‘misinformation’.



“It’s disturbing to see that social media rules aimed at preventing misinformation are being used to do the exact opposite,” says Catherine Spencer, Chief Executive of the Cochrane Collaboration. “Social media platforms must do more to protect trusted sources from vexatious or malicious reports, and act swiftly to correct things when they make a mistake. Cochrane Sweden’s important work to promote research integrity has been undermined by rules ostensibly aimed at safeguarding integrity and authenticity. We stand behind Cochrane Sweden and urge X to restore their account as soon as possible.”

Friday, February 16, 2024
Harry Dayantis

Cochrane launches new Interactive Learning module on qualitative evidence synthesis

1 year 2 months ago

Cochrane is delighted to announce the launch of the twelfth module within the Cochrane Interactive Learning course, on qualitative evidence synthesis (QES). 

This introductory module teaches participants how to systematically combine and analyze evidence from individual qualitative studies. The module, designed to be completed in about 90 minutes, aims to provide participants with a solid foundation in framing a QES question, scoping a topic, assessing available evidence, synthesizing data, and proficiently presenting findings in a comprehensive report.

Professor Jane Noyes, one of the module's authors, says "This module aims to provide learners with a basic overview of designing and conducting a QES. We prioritized the key methods and stages in the design and conduct of a qualitative evidence synthesis."

QES has emerged as a crucial approach for informing guideline development and addressing implementation considerations in diverse country settings and complex health systems.

"We're dedicated to meeting the needs of our end-users by diversifying the evidence we offer in the Cochrane Library. Embracing qualitative evidence synthesis strengthens our capacity to fulfill these needs. I'm thankful for the dedication of the Methods QES Group, whose efforts-from the groundbreaking Cochrane Interactive Learning to the influential Cochrane-Campbell Handbook-advance the dissemination of qualitative evidence synthesis, fostering a future where every voice is valued," Karla Soares-Weiser, Editor in Chief of the Cochrane Library, says.

Developed by the Cochrane Qualitative and Implementation Methods Group in collaboration with the Learning Team in Cochrane's Development Directorate, the twelfth module reflects dedication to delivering high-quality, engaging, and innovative distance learning experiences.

The module includes links to relevant chapters from the Cochrane-Campbell Handbook for Qualitative Evidence Synthesis, allowing learners to access more detailed methods guidance for those seeking in-depth information.

Andrew Booth, who also authored the module, shares his excitement: "Having spent over a decade delivering face-to-face training events on qualitative evidence synthesis, it was really exciting to be steered towards explaining the same concepts and techniques for an international online community."

Notably, certain Cochrane contributors and residents of HINARI countries may access the new module and the entire Cochrane Interactive Learning course free of charge. Additionally, subscription options are available for both individuals and institutions interested in accessing this valuable resource. For further details and to access the new module, please visit the Cochrane Interactive Learning page.

May Silveira Bianchim, a Cochrane Qualitative and Implementation Methods Group (QIMG) intern, underscores the value of the introductory module in her professional development: "As a Cochrane QMIG intern, the introductory module is an invaluable resource for learning the basic steps of qualitative evidence synthesis, providing insights that are instrumental in applying this knowledge to practice. This experience has been meaningful to my ongoing professional development."

Friday, February 16, 2024
Christine Maema

心理社会治疗对兴奋剂使用障碍患者有帮助吗?

1 year 2 months ago
心理社会治疗对兴奋剂使用障碍患者有帮助吗? 关键信息 •与不治疗相比,心理社会治疗可减少因兴奋剂使用障碍而过早退出治疗的受试者数量,并可能延长他们戒除兴奋剂的时间。 •与常规治疗相比,心理社会治疗可以帮助人们延长治疗时间,但可能对药物摄入频率几乎没有影响。 •需要更多的研究来比较不同的心理社会方法,以加深我们对哪些治疗方法最适合谁、何时、在什么情况下使用的理解。 什么是兴奋剂使用障碍? 兴奋剂使用障碍是一种精神障碍,其特征是强烈渴望使用精神兴奋剂且无法控制其使用。可卡因(Cocaine)、安非他明(amphetamines)、快克(crack)和二亚甲基双氧苯丙胺(MDMA)都是精神兴奋剂。精神兴奋剂是全世界第二大最常用的非法药物,仅次于大麻。兴奋剂使用障碍与严重的健康后果有关,包括妄想和幻觉、心血管疾病、艾滋病、病毒性肝炎和性传播感染。患有兴奋剂使用障碍的人卷入车祸、犯罪、性虐待和人际暴力的风险很高。 如何治疗兴奋剂使用障碍? 目前,还没有药物被批准用于治疗兴奋剂使用障碍。因此,心理社会治疗被认为是合适的替代方案。心理社会治疗作用于人们的记忆和学习,旨在帮助他们培养应对兴奋剂使用障碍的技能。心理社会治疗有多种类型,每种都有一个理论来解释它如何帮助人们改变。针对兴奋剂使用障碍最广泛使用的心理社会治疗方法如下。 •认知行为疗法试图通过行为任务和应对技巧帮助人们认识并改变他们功能失调...

冥想是否有助于预防人们患上心血管疾病或心血管疾病恶化?

1 year 2 months ago
冥想是否有助于预防人们患上心血管疾病或心血管疾病恶化? 关键信息 ·我们主要研究了两种主要类型的冥想,基于正念的干预(mindfulness-based interventions, MBI)和超觉冥想(transcendental meditation, TM),与接受其他治疗或不接受其他治疗(分别称为阳性和非阳性对照组)进行比较。我们发现许多关于我们感兴趣结局的结局不一致。 ·与非阳性对照相比,MBI可能会减轻压力,也可能会减轻焦虑、抑郁和血压。与阳性或非阳性对照相比,TM可能会降低血压,但很少有研究报告心理结局。随着优质研究的进一步开展,结果将更加确定。 什么是心血管疾病? 心血管疾病(Cardiovascular disease, CVD)包括几种不同的心脏和血管疾病,其中一些是由高胆固醇、缺乏运动、压力、不良饮食、超重、吸烟或饮酒等问题引起的。总体而言,CVD是世界上最主要的死亡原因。 冥想有什么帮助? 冥想可能有助于降低人们的压力水平,这可以直接使他们获益(例如,通过降低血压),也可以通过帮助他们避免不健康的应对压力的方式(例如,吸烟、饮酒或不良饮食)而间接受益)。 我们研究了哪些类型的冥想? 在这项研究中,我们研究了两种主要的冥想类型: ·基于正念的干预措施(MBI); ·超觉冥想(TM)。 我们想知道什么? 我们想知道冥想是否有助于: ·降低心血管疾病临床事件的风...